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photo of Eva EastonI have a treat for you: an updated version of this 20-year-old site.

Video lessons & Audio quizzes
evaeaston.com

Audio Quizzes
Linking
Reduction
Word Final -ED
Word Final -S
Wonder Words

Reduction
+ 'have'

Pattern

Reductions are common in natural speech.
Written reduced forms in advertisements, songs, personal writing, reflect natural spoken language.
They are not standard written English.

reduced form standard written form
coulda
shoulda
woulda
mighta
musta
could have
should have
would have
might have
must have